2019年6月四级真题汉译英解析(一)
1.剪纸是中国民间艺术的一种独特形式,已有2000多年历史。2.剪纸很可能源于汉代,继纸张发明之后。3.从此,它在中国的许多地方得到了普及。4.剪纸用的材料和工具很简单:纸和剪刀。5.剪纸作品通常是用红纸做成的,因为红色在中国传统文化中与幸福相联。6.因此,在婚礼、春节等喜庆场合,红颜色的剪纸是门窗装饰的首选。
本部分由6句话组成,总分15,平均每句分值2.5。下面将分而析之:
1.剪纸是中国民间艺术的一种独特形式,已有2000多年历史。
第一步:分而译之
剪纸是个专有名词,可译为paper cutting,这个词汇在《山东科学技术出版社》出版的小学四年级英语教材中已有体现;不过,即使忘记了该词的英语表现形式,也可以通过分析将其翻译出来;因为,作为短语,其组合形式为动宾结构,考虑到它在此是作为专有名词出现的,我们只能将其译作paper cutting,而不是cutting paper,类似的还有决策(decision making),吸烟(cigarette smoking或smoking)等;如果用公式的方式体现出来,就是n+v-ing;中国民间艺术,可译为Chinese folk art;一种独特形式可译为a special/unique form;已有2000多年的历史可译为have/with a history of more than 2000 years;中国民间艺术的一种独特形式,按照汉语中A的B通常可以转换成英语中的B of A,可译为a unique form of Chinese folk arts,art变为复数形式,表示剪纸只是其中之一。
第二步:根据英语通常的表达习惯,可以将上述内容重新组合为以下六种形式:
Paper cutting is a special form of Chinese folk arts and has a history of more than 2000 years.
Paper cutting is a special form of Chinese folk arts, and it has a history of more than 2000 years.
Paper cutting is a special form of Chinese folk arts, which has a history of more than 2000 years.
Paper cutting, which has a history of more than 2000 years, is a special form of Chinese folk arts.
Paper cutting, with a history of more than 2000 years, is a special form of Chinese folk arts.
Paper cutting, as a special form of Chinese folk arts, has a history of more than 2000 years.
2.剪纸很可能源于汉代,继纸张发明之后。
第一步:分而译之
很可能可译为probably,源于可译为originate from,汉代可译为the Han Dynasty,类似的如唐代(the Tang Dynasty),西汉(the Western Han Dynasty),继纸张发明之后可译为after the invention of the paper。
第二步:根据英语通常的表达习惯,可以将上述内容重新组合为如下形式:
It probably originated from the Han Dynasty after the invention of the paper.
3.从此,它在中国的许多地方得到了普及。
第一步:分而译之
从此可译为since then或from then on;在中国的许多地方,可译为in many places of China;得到普及可译为have gained popularity或have become popular。
第二步:根据英语通常的表达习惯,可以将上述内容重新组合为如下形式:
Since then, it has gained popularity in many places of China.
3.剪纸用的材料和工具很简单:纸和剪刀。
第一步:分而译之
剪纸用的可译为used for paper cutting,材料和工具可译为the material and the tool,因为后面说了是纸和剪刀,所以用了两个the;很简单可译为very simple;纸和剪刀可译为paper and scissors。
第二步:根据英语通常的表达习惯,可以将上述内容重新组合为如下两种形式:
The material and the tool used for paper-cutting are very simple: paper and scissors.
The material and the tool, which are used for paper cutting, are very simple: paper and scissors.
4.剪纸作品通常是用红纸做成的,因为红色在中国传统文化中与幸福相联。
第一步:分而译之
因为剪纸是种艺术品,所以剪纸作品可译为paper-cutting art work;通常可译为usually;因为可以看出材料,用红纸做的可译为made of the red paper;因为可译为because;红色可译为the colour red,这样比the red colour更可取,因为前者有强调的意味;在中国传统文化中可译为in traditional Chinese culture;与幸福相连可译为connected with happiness。
第二步:根据英语通常的表达习惯,可以将上述内容重新组合为如下形式:
The paper-cutting art work is usually made of the red paper, because the colour red is connected with happiness in traditional Chinese culture.
5.因此,在婚礼、春节等喜庆场合,红颜色的剪纸是门窗装饰的首选。
第一步:分而译之
因此可译为therefore/so;在婚礼、春节等喜庆场合,可译为in joyous occasions such as weddings and the Spring Festival;红颜色的剪纸可译为the red paper cutting;门窗装饰的首选可译为the first/best option/choice of the door and window decorations。
第二步:根据英语通常的表达习惯,可以将上述内容重新组合为如下形式:
Therefore, the red paper cutting is the first option of the door and window decorations in joyous occasions such as weddings and the Spring Festival.